Форум » Foreign section » Naturalized species of the world » Ответить
Naturalized species of the world
JOrnitho: Since we had been talking about it these past days, I thought that we could have a topic only to talk about naturalized species that could leave descendants in the Neocene. I'll start by asking who could be the descendant of tall (megalocerus-sized) deer for the temperate forests of Southern South America, the red deer or the fallow deer? Both are introduced in Argentina and Chile. Regarding competition with deermaras and local deers, its height will allow them to eat leaves from tall branches.
Ответов - 53, стр:
1 2 3 All
wovoka: JOrnitho пишет: red deer Of course him!
JOrnitho: wovoka пишет: Of course him! The males could have a crescent shaped antler and the name of the species could be Selene's deer, because of the Greek goddess of the moon.
wovoka: Good name!
лягушка: Good thread! I'm good at fish, so I'll talk about them: - Tilapias (Oreochromis sp.) across the world. - Flowerhorn and red devil cichlids in South-East Asia (I already described this). - Amur snakeheads (I already described this animal) and Asian carps in the USA - Swarmp eels (Monopterus albus) naturalised at Everglades can escape to Cuba and live there. - Clarias batrachus in USA. Author had already described wels catfish - like descendant of this fish living on Greater Antigua. - Neogobius melanostomus in Quebec. - Rotan (Percocottus glenii) at Russia. We already have described sone deccendants of this fish - Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in Europe. Also described. - Pseudorasbora parva in Europe. Already described. - Snakeheads at Central Asia. Already described. - Goldfish and common carp (Cyprinus caprio) at Australia. Already described. - Pacu at New Guinea. Already described. - Common perch (Perca fluvatilis) at New Zealand (already described), Australia and SAR. - Bass in Europe. Now it's not very common, but its invasion csn expand. - Guppy and mosquitofish across the world. Many descendants of them ste already described. Amphibians are not group with many invasive species, but I can mention koki and aga toad. I don't know about koki, but some aga descendants are already described.
JOrnitho: лягушка пишет: I'm good at fish, so I'll talk about them: Good thinking! There is several species of fish that were introduced in other areas that can survive in the Neocene. I have some suggestions too: The pacu in China, Southeast Asia and Florida Peacock bass in Florida Carassius auratus in several parts of the world in North America Carassius gibelio in North America and Asia Oncorhynchus mykiss in North America, Argentina and mountain rivers of Southeastern Brazil Crustaceans we have the Pacifastacus leniusculus in Europe, Japan, and California In amphibians we Xenopus laevis in North America, South America, Europe and Asia
лягушка: JOrnitho Oncorhynchus mykiss in...and mountain rivers Salmo trutta is also invasive species in such habitats across the world. Crustaceans we have the Pacifastacus leniusculus in Europe We also have Procamburus clarkii in Europe - it has naturalised there and even evolved into pale aqifer-dwelling form in Spain! Xenopus laevis I don't knew about they were naturalised in such wide territory! Thank you!
JOrnitho: лягушка пишет: Salmo trutta is also invasive species in such habitats across the world. They are also present in the Macaé River, in Rio de Janeiro. лягушка пишет: We also have Procamburus clarkii in Europe - it has naturalised there and even evolved into pale aqifer-dwelling form in Spain! It' s really interesting! There could be a species living in caves during the Neocene. I finished the description of the descendant of red deer in Argentina and Chile: Selene’s deer (Gigantocervus lunacornibus) Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Habitat: Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests of Southern South America As the greatest agent of environmental change in the Holocene, the humans hunted and extirpated several species from their natural ranges. They also introduced new species in different regions of the world, with many of them being capable of surviving well in these new areas. One of these species is the red deer (Cervus elaphus), this species from Eurasia was introduced in Chile and Argentina. This species survived the end of the Holocene and in the Neocene it gave rise to the Selene’s deer, a large inhabitant of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests of Southern South America. The Selene’s deer is one of the largest deers in the Neocene. A male has a head to body length of 300 cm and a height of 210 cm at the withers. The females are more modest, with 250 cm of head to body length and 198 cm in the shoulders. During the summer, their coat is reddish-brown with some few spots on the back. During the autumn, they grow thicker coats of hair, which helps to insulate them during the winter. Autumn is also when males grow neck manes. Males have stronger and thicker neck muscles than female deer, which may give them an appearance of having thick neck manes. During winter, their coat becomes dark chestnut brown and has a larger light brown rump-patch, with a yellowish throat. By the time summer begins, the heavy winter coat has been shed. These animals rub against trees and rocks to remove it. The only part of the body that remains with the same color during the entire year is the tail, which is white. A cursorial animal, these cervids have long legs that allow them to run away from predators. Only the stags have antlers, which start growing in the spring and are shed each year, usually at the end of winter. They are crescent shaped, growing outwards and then inwards. The shape of their antlers is what names the species, since Selene was the ancient Greek goddess of the Moon. These antlers can reach 125 cm in some individuals. The upper tip of the antler is flattened and forked, with clashes between males resulting in the connection of these parts. The Selene’s deer are ruminants and therefore have four-chambered stomachs. While they are mostly primary browsers, these deers can graze. They have a tendency to do most of their feeding in the mornings and evenings, seeking sheltered areas in between feedings to digest. Their diets vary somewhat depending on the season, with native grasses being a year-round supplement, tree bark being consumed in winter, and forbs and tree sprouts during the summer. Berries can also be consumed. Due to their height, these animals are capable of reaching tree branches to eat leaves, flowers and fruits. As a supplement for minerals, the Selene’s deer will lick rocks and munch bones. Mature Selene’s deer usually stay in single-sex groups for most of the year. During the mating season, called the rut, mature stags compete for the attention of the hinds and will then try to defend the hinds they attract. Rival stags challenge opponents by belling and walking in parallel. This allows combatants to assess each other's antlers, body size and fighting prowess. If neither stag backs down, a clash of antlers can occur, and stags sometimes sustain serious injuries. Dominant stags follow groups of hinds during the rut, from late summer into early winter. The stags may have as many as 20 hinds to keep from other, less attractive males. Only mature stags hold harems, and breeding success peaks at about eight years of age. Stags two to four years old rarely hold harems and spend most of the rut on the periphery of larger harems, as do stags over 11 years old. Young and old stags that do acquire a harem hold it later in the breeding season than those stags in their prime. Harem-holding stags rarely feed and lose up to 20% of their body weight. Stags that enter the rut in poor condition are less likely to make it through to the peak conception period. They have a distinctive roar during the rut, which is an adaptation to forested environments. The male deer roars to keep his harem of females together. The females are initially attracted to those males that both roar most often and have the loudest roar call. Males also use the roar call when competing with other males for females during the rut, and along with other forms of posturing and antler fights, is a method used by the males to establish dominance. Roaring is most common during the early dawn and late evening. The female reaches sexual maturity at 2 years of age. Selene’s deer mating patterns usually involve a dozen or more mating attempts before the first successful one. There may be several more matings before the stag will seek out another mate in his harem. Females in their second autumn can produce one or very rarely two offspring per year. The gestation period is 262 days. All calves are born spotted. After two weeks, calves are able to join the herd and are fully weaned after two months. The offspring will remain with their mothers for almost one full year, leaving around the time the next season's offspring are produced. They have a lifespan of 20 years.
лягушка: JOrnitho They are also present in the Macaé River, in Rio de Janeiro Ok, I don't knew it. It' s really interesting! There could be a species living in caves during the Neocene. I can describe it. Probably. Sometimes... Selene's deer Good deer! I'll add it to list.
JOrnitho: лягушка пишет: I can describe it. Probably. Sometimes... I'll make a description for the trout's in Brazil. Also, the Russian sturgeon was introduced in Uruguay and spread in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. You can see it in this article. Maybe it could survive in the Neocene? Good deer! I'll add it to list. I also posted the description of a rodent and of the oryx in the topic about the Fauna of North America.
медведь: Selene’s deer (Gigantocervus lunacornibus) Interesting animal! The pacu in China, Southeast Asia and Florida I do not think the Floridan ones will survive the Ice Age.
wovoka: JOrnitho пишет: Selene’s deer Very interesting animal! You also promised to describe giraffe like Antilope cervicapra in South American pampas.
JOrnitho: wovoka пишет: You also promised to describe giraffe like Antilope cervicapra in South American pampas. I'll work on this one next. I also thought about a descendant of the sheep living in the Patagonian steppes and being like a muskox.
wovoka: JOrnitho пишет: I'll work on this one next. I'll wait. JOrnitho пишет: I also thought about a descendant of the sheep living in the Patagonian steppes and being like a muskox. I remember that.
JOrnitho: Another animal that could have descendants is the Vidua macroura. It was introduced in Portugal, California and Puerto Rico. To have it surviving, this bird would also need to practice broodparasitism in other local birds.
лягушка: JOrnitho Yes, I think it's possible if this bird had successfully naturalised in places withoud its typical victims.
медведь: Yes, I think it's possible if this bird had successfully naturalised in places withoud its typical victims. In this case it may have many host species, like cowbirds that are not as specialized brood parasites as cuckoos.
JOrnitho: медведь пишет: In this case it may have many host species, like cowbirds that are not as specialized brood parasites as cuckoos. The Vidua macroura parasitises Estrilda melpoda and Estrilda troglodytes that were also introduced in Puerto Rico. Estrilda melpoda was also introduced in Southern Californa, so we can think that the descendants of V. macroura here could parasitise the descendants of E. melpoda. The North American descendant of the pi-tailed could also whydah have evolved to parasitise Emberizidae, Passerellidae and Fringillidae that live in California. Also, Vidua paradisaea was introduced in Japan and is thriving in the country, but I don't know if it'll go well after the Ice Age. лягушка, what do you think of the Russian sturgeon that was introduced in Uruguay and spread in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil? Could it survive?
лягушка: JOrnitho what do you think of the Russian sturgeon that was introduced in Uruguay and spread in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil? Could it survive? I think they would survive - sturgeons are fast-growing fish that would have problems only with overfishing and habitate changes during ice age. But if sturgeons survive at South America they would live only as diminished freshwater forms and may expand at north.
JOrnitho: лягушка пишет: I think they would survive - sturgeons are fast-growing fish that would have problems only with overfishing and habitate changes during ice age. But if sturgeons survive at South America they would live only as diminished freshwater forms and may expand at north How large do you think that they can grow?
лягушка: JOrnitho How large do you think that they can grow? Approximately 60 cm, I think.
полная версия страницы