Ôîðóì » Foreign section » Galliformes and other animals for South America (ïðîäîëæåíèå) » Îòâåòèòü
Galliformes and other animals for South America (ïðîäîëæåíèå)
JOrnitho: Hello! I'm back with ideas for some new species for South America. I found in my computer an archive with some ideas for fauna and flora that I had some time ago and decided to show there to ask your opinion about them. The first is about a descendant of the domestic chicken. [more]Copper jacumitan (Jacumita cuprinus) During the Holocene, the man introduced many species in other continents. The jacumitan is a descendant of domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) that are introduced in South America. It replaced the birds in the family Cracidae, which are extinct in the Neocene, in some areas. In a matter of fact, the name jacumitan is the junction of the words jacu, the popular name in Brazil for guans of the Genus Penelope, and the tupi word mitã (mitan) that means new, this way the name means “new guan”. The copper jacumitan is the type species of this genus and lives in the savannas and woodlands of Central South America. The copper jacumitan is sexually dysmorphic. The male measure 190 cm, due to the long tail, it has a bright coppery brown upperbody plumage and reddish-brown feathers below. They also have metallic dark green feathers on the tail and wings. Only males have a bright red naked skin on the face, with two wattles that conceal the sides of its head. This characteristic is shared by all males of the genus Jacumita. The males of the genus also have crests formed by white feathers with black tips. During courtship and panic moments, they rise the crests. The females have 75 cm of length and are cryptic brown and adapted to camouflage, its naked skin on the face is pale pink and don’t have flesh wattles. The young males are similar to the females until they reach 9 weeks, at this time the wattle begin to develop. Both sexes have long orange colored legs and grey beak. The males have spurs that they use in fights for dominance. The neck is long and slim. Copper jacumitans can fly, but prefer to run from the predators flying only as last resort. These birds are omnivorous and feed on insects, seeds, and fruits. Its forage for food by scratching the ground, usually near herbivores this way there is other animals observing for the presence of predators. Often the male sits on a high perch, to serve as a lookout for his group. He sounds an alarm call if predators are nearby. At night it will sleep perched on branches. Copper jacumitans are polygamous; the male will have a harem with 5 to 12 females and will guards the area where his females are nesting, and attack other males that enter his territory. To initiate courting, the males will dance in a circle around or near a female, raising their crests and lowering the wing which is closest to the hen. Then, he will vocalize and when she responds to his call, the male will mount her and proceed with the mating. The females make their nest in the ground, laying 6 to 14 red eggs which are incubated for 22 days. Chicks are precocious, leaving the nest shortly they are born. They fledge in about 4 to 5 weeks, and at 13 weeks old are chased out of the group by their mother, at which point the young males start to form a harem and the females join an existing one. Sexual maturity is reached at 6 months and the lifespan of this species is of 13 years, however is common for males to die early due to predation. Other species in the genus Jacumita are: Golden jacumitan (Jacumita aurea) Living in the forests of the Atlantic coast of South America, the males of this species has 200 cm of length, from beak to tail, while the females have 83 cm. The plumage of the male have a bright golden-yellow plumage in the upperparts, being scarlet in the chest and belly. They have dark metallic green wing feathers and tail while the female is cryptic brown. Red jacumitan (Jacumita amazonica) Living in the "terra firme" forests of the Amazon , the males of this species has 185 cm of length, from beak to tail, while females have 70 cm. The plumage of male is bright orange-red in the upperparts, while their chest and belly is yellow. The males also have dark metallic blue wing feathers and tail while the female is cryptic brown. Andean jacumitan (Jacumita andina) Living in the highland forests in the slopes of the Andes, the males of this species has 170 cm of length, from beak to tail, while females have 68 cm. The plumage of the males is white in the upperparts and yellowish-red in the belly and chest. The males also have dark metallic blue wing feathers and tail while the female is cryptic brown. This other one is about a descendant of the californian quail: Common austral grouse (Tetraoinus australis) During the Holocene, the man introduced many exotic species different habitats, the ancestor of the austral grouse was one of these species. Their ancestor was not a true grouse, but the Californian quail, due to evolutionary convergence they acquired characteristics similar to the true grouses of North America. Living in the forests of Southern South America, the male austral grouse are 55 cm long and the female have 44 cm of length. The male have a dark grey body plumage, black-and-white bridled head pattern, black back and a greyish-blue belly. They have a curving crest or plume, made of six feathers that droops forward (long and black in males /short and brown in females) and long forked blackish tail with white undertail coverts. Females and immature birds are mainly greyish-brown with a light-brown belly. Both sexes have a black bill and relatively long grey legs. Their diet consists mainly of seeds and leaves, but they also eat some berries and insects. In some regions their main source of food are the seeds of trees of the Genus Araucaria. These birds are not elegant fliers, however they sleep perched in branches. Given a choice, they will normally escape on foot. During the courtship, the male austral grouse do displays on a lek, each male have a “personal space”. The males strut around their chose space, doing a display. The display consists of the male posturing himself with the head near the ground. Then, they start to move it from right to left showing their crests, simultaneously they raising the tail feathers, showing their withe undertail coverts. After that, they will raise their heads abruptly and whilst make a highly distinctive mating call. When another male invade the personal space of other, a fight happens, in this case the male will try to take of the crest of the rival, this way they will not be capable to display for the females. The female usually lays approximately 12 spotted eggs. The nest is a shallow scrape lined with vegetation on the ground. Incubation lasts from 21–25 days, usually performed by the female and rarely by the male. The chicks are precocial, leaving the nest with their parents within hours of hatching. The male stay with the female until the young leave, with 3 months. The young reach sexual maturity with 1 year, with this age the young males acquire the coloration of an adult male. Their lifespan is of 27 years. In the forests of Tierra del Fuego another species lives, the Black boreal grouse (Tetraoinus nigrus). Their main difference to the other species is that the males have an all-black plumage, with only a faint shade of blue in the chest and brown undertail coverts. The females are similar to that of the common austral grouse. The males have 52 cm and the females 41 cm.[/more] I also have in this archive some names for possible species that I never developed bayond some few facts. Maybe someone could help me make their descriptions.
JOrnitho: ìåäâåäü ïèøåò: I have not heard about fish laying their eggs only on a particular species of plant. wovoka ïèøåò: Then we should come up with with specific form of symbiosis between the plant and the fish. Îôôòîï: May be it is a absolutely crazy idea but may be fish fry will be a kind of pollinators of the flowers. Or we should find another form of symbiosis. I meant that this species could lay its eggs in different water plants, including the water lily. But I like the symbiosis idea. wovoka ïèøåò: In the flowers of waterlily will be living female of local mantis the oviposit there and in the same time hunting on the bees that pollinating the flowers. The fish will be eating mantis before spawning and fish fry will eat mantis eggs. The mantis female will be very productive to oviposit as more eggs, then at list several eggs stay uneaten by fry. It could eat butterflies too. Such situation makes me think that this fish could be the archer fish-like ciclid that I proposed some days ago. They could hit the mantis hiding in the lily with sprays of water. By this point, I think that this could be worthy of a separate chapter
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: By this point, I think that this could be worthy of a separate chapter I'm afraid that we are so carried away by the process of inventing new animals that have been making so many species for Maracaibo Gulf that we already need to separate it into two chapters and I propose such names of the chapters: 1. "Maracaibo: The lake that become a gulf" 2. "Maracaibo: Catatumbo lightning" So we can describe also a mantis, a bee, a butterfly and archer fish-like ciclid (the ancestor will be Andinoacara pulcher very beautiful local fish with local name Acara, that mean stream, and will name it Apeina - what means stream in carib language). Paramparan - any butterfly in carib language. Tomorrow I'll choose the most beautiful local butterfly for the ancestor. And then we should divide the described species on two interrelated chapters.
wovoka: As far as I understand butterflies don't pollinate waterlilies and the biggest waterlilia Victoria Amazonica is pollinated by beetles Cyclocephala hardyi https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803590/ so i don't know if we need to describe a butterfly
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: I'm afraid that we are so carried away by the process of inventing new animals that have been making so many species for Maracaibo Gulf that we already need to separate it into two chapters and I propose such names of the chapters: 1. "Maracaibo: The lake that become a gulf" 2. "Maracaibo: Catatumbo lightning" I like these names. wovoka ïèøåò: So we can describe also a mantis, a bee, a butterfly and archer fish-like ciclid (the ancestor will be Andinoacara pulcher very beautiful local fish with local name Acara, that mean stream, and will name it Apeina - what means stream in carib language). This archer fish could also have species living in other rivers, perhaps even in the Amazon. The igapó could be a good place for them. wovoka ïèøåò: so i don't know if we need to describe a butterfly We could describe a beetle, perhaps a descendant of the Cyclocephala hardyi that evolved to feed in the nectar of water lilies.
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: We could describe a beetle, perhaps a descendant of the Cyclocephala hardyi that evolved to feed in the nectar of water lilies. The name of this beetle in Carib Mureru tano. But I think he will have some kind of device to protect against mantis. JOrnitho ïèøåò: This archer fish could also have species living in other rivers, perhaps even in the Amazon. The igapó could be a good place for them. Yes it can get to Amazon river from Orinoco Rio. The igapó could be a good place for them. Oh my God! You want to make a chapter about the igapos? We can't describe all Neocene South America
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: Oh my God! You want to make a chapter about the igapos? No! I mean that we could add species in the description that live in these areas. But now you are giving me ideas!
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: But I think he will have some kind of device to protect against mantis. Maybe it has some defense in the exoskeleton to protect against the mantis? Some type of hard structure. It would make them terrible fliers.
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: Maybe it has some defense in the exoskeleton to protect against the mantis? Some type of hard structure. It would make them terrible fliers. There is such an ant Acromyrmex echinatior - it has something like knight metal armor - biomineral exoskeleton with CaMg(CO3)2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19566-3 May be the beetle will use something like that.
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: There is such an ant Acromyrmex echinatior - it has something like knight metal armor - biomineral exoskeleton with CaMg(CO3)2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19566-3 May be the beetle will use something like that. Perhaps. A good name for it could be the Knight beetle. Another animal that could appear there in this chapter is a descendant of the Jacana jacana.
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: A good name for it could be the Knight beetle. I think, we can give him double name Mureru tano, or Knight beetle. JOrnitho ïèøåò: Another animal that could appear there in this chapter is a descendant of the Jacana jacana. Yes it could. The name in carib language Amapejàu But let's count, how many species for region we have already described or decided to describe. Mammals: 1. Yara - water descendent of tayra. - described 2. Awaruwape - semiaquatic swimming in salt sea water jaguar-like descendent of ocelot - described 3. Tapiraiaura - the ambulocetus-like descendant of the Procyon cancrivorus - described 3. Cabiai-pyinko - peccary-like descendent of brazilian guinea pig - described 4. Meku - semiaquatic collective descendent of Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons) (Meku is Caribbean name of other capuchin monkey Cebus apella: brown capuchin, i think that neocene water monkeys will be more like brown capuchin wih the same color and form of body) - described 5. Parana-aware - descendant of Didelphis marsupialis, which will become aquatic like Chironectes minimus (but living in salt water) and snakes-eating (the name means sea opossum in carib language), but he will live only in the gulf Maracaibo. - undescribed Birds 6. Karara - flightless descendent of giant darter (Anhinga) (in Carib language karara means and darter, and cormorant). described 7. Karapisuru - descendent of Porphyrula martinica (carib name of this bird) - described 8. Sansaparu - descendent of Rallus longirostris: clapper rail - described 9. Kàwiriri - descendent of Dendrocygna autumnalis (Kàwiriri - is the name of this duck in carib language). - described 10. Teitei - descendant of Vanellus chilensis (the name of this bird in wayuu language) - described 11. Warulapai - big predator bird catching big fish, water snakes, little turtles, water birds and also cubs of Yaras, Algocetuses, Tapiraiaura, Meku, Cabiai-pyinko. Will be descendant of Parabuteo unicinctus (Warulapai - means big predator bird in wayuu language). - described 12. Kotooro - will be descendant of Pionus menstruus eating crabs and shellfish in the mangroves (Kotooro - means parrot in wayuu language). - described 13. Katipirüin - descendent of Pyrocephalus obscurus (the name in wayuu language) - it will be catching flies, mosquitoes and different parasites on the bodies of barocavias and Cabiai-pyinko. - described 14. Kaarai - descendent of Tachybaptus dominicus (the name of any water bird species in Wayuu language (language of Guajiro Indians that living on the banks of Maracaibo lake) - described 15. Ai-Karala - descendent of Podilymbus podiceps. It would hunt in the Maracaibo gulf during the night.(name means night bird in in wayuu language) - described 16. Amapejàu - descendant of the Jacana jacana (the name in carib language). -undescribed 17. Cyculi - descendent of sungrebe (Heliornis fulica) (Cyculi - is the name of the bird in Guahibo language) - may be will describe , lets give it interesting niche in the delta of Catatumbo. Reptiles 18. Sakompo - giant sea water snake analogue of Anaconda (carib name of Boidae family) - described 19. Asakaimo - rattlesnake [Crotalus durissus) - described 20. Arakaka - Guiana wood turtle, scorpion mud turtle, galap (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) - sometimes found in Lake Maracaibo, we can give this name arakaka to Rhinoclemmys diademata (the endemic of Maracaibo) -undescribed (I'll describe) 21. Tarekaja - sea turtle -undescribed (I'll describe) Fishes 22. Typanake-tunu (Typanake means catfish, tunu means shark in carib) -undescribed 23. Wentameke-arawana (in carib language this name means “in eating habits similar to fish arawana) -undescribed Arawana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) it is a fish also called 'water monkey' because of its ability to jump out of the water and capture its prey. It usually swims near the water surface waiting for potential prey. Although specimens have been found with the remains of birds, bats, mice, and snakes in their stomachs, its main diet consists of snails, crustaceans (such as crabs), insects (such as beetles), spiders, smaller fish, and other animals that float on the water surface, which its drawbridge-like mouth is exclusively adapted for feeding on. It will be the name of bird and bat catching fish from Maracaibo Gulf and Caribbean sea from family: Predatory live-bearers (Rapaciliidae) relative to "Pike live-bearer (Sphyraenesia ferox)" from chapter http://www.sivatherium.narod.ru/2pircarb.htm. 24. Ari-Tukunare (in carib language Ari means shellfish and Tukunare is name of Cichla ocellaris (Cichlidae)) by it’s form it’s a little bit similar to Geophagus steindachneri. Cichla ocellaris will be the ansector of this species. -undescribed Ari-Tukunare will be the name of Ëÿãóøêà's "Durophagous cichlid" that will evolve very strong jaws with big blunt tooth and whith developed the male's protuberance in the head to become a structure used by them in disputes for the females (like we want do with Geophagus steindachneri). 25. The descendents of Ëÿãóøêà's schooling Salinopoecilia marinis https://sivatherium.borda.ru/?1-0-1680916744566-00000177-000-10001-0#111 that get into the gulf will call Sapelko (it is carib name of Poecilia parae, maybe it will be the ansector of Salinopoecilia marinis) I think that fishes will occupy a lot of nishes and have several subspecies: A: Itupu-sapelko herbivores fish (itupu - grass in Carib) B: Amòiky-sapelko - planktonvorus fish (Amòiky means "collect many small objects" in Carib ) C: Ìmempìkiwoto-sapelko small fish eating (Ìmempìki – very small; woto - the name of any fish) D: woto-sapelko medium fish eating E: pàporo-sapelko omnivores fish (pàporo - means "everything" in Carib) F: mari-sapelko snails eating fish (mari - snail) all subspecies undescribed 25. Kariwiri - the Carib name off unknown fish from the Characidae family, this name we will give to scooling cardinal tetra. undescribed 26. Apeina - (what means stream in carib language) archer fish-like ciclid (the ancestor will be Andinoacara pulcher very beautiful local fish with local name Acara, that mean stream) undescribed Invertebrates 27. Parare - mantid in Carib language. undescribed In the flowers of waterlily will be living female of local mantis the oviposit there and in the same time hunting on the bees that pollinating the flowers. The fish will be eating mantis before spawning and fish fry will eat mantis eggs. The mantis female will be very productive to oviposit as more eggs, then at list several eggs stay uneaten by fry. The ancestor of mantis will be Stagmatoptera septentrionalis or may be better Choeradodis rhombicollis (but it's live far from Maracaibo lake, but may be it will migrate to that region). But it will look like Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii or even more beautiful like a water lily petal. 28. Maba - in arawak language called Melipona favosa what is translated honey will pollinate Mureru undescribed (I will describe) 29. Mureru tano, or Knight beetle. - the biggest waterlilia Victoria Amazonica is pollinated by beetles Cyclocephala hardyi, will pollinate Mureru https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803590/ and will have exosceleton like an ant Acromyrmex echinatior - it has something like knight metal armor - biomineral exoskeleton with CaMg(CO3)2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19566-3 30. Kusa - descendant of blue crab (Ucides cordatus) described Plants 31. Ocumo - Xanthosoma sagittifolium - with edible leaves, stems and tubers. Huge thickets of this plant will grow around the entire lake and all local herbivores will come to eat it, especially barocavias and cabiai-pyinko. Ocumo is the name of this plant in Panare language, which belongs to the Carib family. - undescribed 32. Mureru - waterlily in Carib, descendant usual Nymphaea alba invasive from Europe but it can evolve to the form of Victoria amazonica. I think that's enough!
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: Cyculi Since we are going to make a chapter about the Catatumbo Delta, I think that the sungrebe could fit on this one. What do you think? I made the description of the parana-aware. The fishes are going to be the next. Parana-aware, or Sea opossum (Thalassodelphis agilis) Order:Didelphimorpha Family:Didelphidae Habitat: Maracaibo Gulf and nearby brackish areas The human actions during the Holocene caused the extinction of all the species of otters. The niche left by them was filled by several different species that weren’t related to the subfamily Lutrinae. Among those that benefited with their disappearance was the common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis), which gave rise to the semi-aquatic Parana-aware. This animal can be considered a case of convergent evolution. In the Holocene, the water opossum (Chironectes minimus), also known as the yapok, was also an aquatic marsupial with similar characteristics that allowed it to survive in the water. The Parana-aware is endemic to Maracaibo Gulf. Its name is formed by two words of the Carib language: Parana (sea) and aware (opossum). The body of the Parana-aware is long, with 80 to 115 cm of length and their tails have 40 to 60 cm of length. They have short legs, a muscular short neck, a large head with an elongated snout. Its body is broadest at the hips and long black whiskers that are used to detect prey in turbid waters. It has a short, dense fur which is water-repellent. The upperparts are dark gray, while the underparts are light buff. Differently from its ancestor, the ears are short. Their feet are webbed, and together with their tail, they are used to propulsion through water. As a reflection of their aquatic lifestyle, this species developed transparent nictitating membranes to protect their eyes while swimming and nostrils and ears capable of being closed. Another characteristic that this animal developed to survive in the salt water is large kidneys. Its enable the marsupial to derive fresh water from sea water and excrete concentrated urine. They rest in dens excavated in shores and sandbanks above the tide level. Usually the male is larger than the female and both sexes have a well developed marsupium (the pouch), in the male this structure covers their genitalia, this way helping in their streamlining. They can eat fishes, mollusks and crustaceans. However, their main prey are the venomous aquatic serpents that share their habitat, having developed resistance to their venom. They capture prey with a quick lunge from ambush, or more rarely, after a brief chase. The Parana-aware can remain underwater for nearly 5 minutes, swim at speeds approaching 10 km/h, dive to depths nearing 20 m, and travel up to 300 m while underwater. Small prey is eaten at the surface, but larger ones are taken to the shore to be consumed. Serpents are typically eaten from the head, being held by the marsupial’s forepaws. Mollusks are captured and taken to rocks, where, using their forepaws, they hit the shell until it breaks. Crabs are captured and their claws removed before being consumed. Parana-aware are solitary animals, male and female meet up only to mate. While they can breed during the entire year, most of the births happen during the winter. The male will enter the female’s territory and mate with her. If another male appears, the two fight in a fierce battle on the water until one of them gives up and swims away. The victorious male will stay with the female for two weeks, after that he leaves. The gestation period is 22 days and the birth occurs in the female’s den. A strong ring of muscle makes the pouch (which opens to the rear) watertight, so the young remain dry, even when the mother is totally immersed in water, however the female will stay in shallow waters during this time so that the pups do not suffocate during long dives. During this time, she eats more crabs and snails, prey that do not require her to stay under water for a long time. A pup is the size of a grain of rice. Up to 17 Parana-awares are born in each litter, but only six survive the first two weeks. The survivors stay in their mother's pouch for nine weeks, suckling on one of the mother's six teats for milk. During the tenth week, the pups venture out of the pouch and start to learn to swim and are weaned with 18 weeks. They will stay with the mother learning how to hunt until they have 23 weeks, turning independents and leaving the female at this time. They reach sexual maturity with 10 months and they have a lifespan of 4 years.
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: Since we are going to make a chapter about the Catatumbo Delta, I think that the sungrebe could fit on this one. What do you think? Yes, but what new characterictics it will have? JOrnitho ïèøåò: Parana-aware Very good description, but what is their adaptation to salt water? And does salt water interfere with the development of offspring? These points should be taken into account in the description. And it is advisable to remember in the description about the Yapok, that such a water opposum has already been in history, but it wasn't live in salt water. Also it's better to write, that maracaibian opposum Didelphis marsupialis first learned to swim in fresh water, but when the lake became a sea gulf, it was forced to adapt to live in salt water. And then already describe the emergence of new adaptations to this very salty water.
wovoka: Let's think who will be in Catatumbo chapter? Mammals: 1. Awaruwape - semiaquatic swimming in fresh and salt sea water jaguar-like descendent of ocelot - described - will be the main hero 2. Cabiai-pyinko - peccary-like descendent of brazilian guinea pig - described Birds 3. Kotooro - will be descendant of Pionus menstruus eating crabs and shellfish in the mangroves (Kotooro - means parrot in wayuu language). - described 4. Katipirüin - descendent of Pyrocephalus obscurus (the name in wayuu language) - it will be catching flies, mosquitoes and different parasites on the bodies of barocavias and Cabiai-pyinko. - described 5. Amapejàu - descendant of the Jacana jacana (the name in carib language). -undescribed 6. Cyculi - descendent of sungrebe (Heliornis fulica) (Cyculi - is the name of the bird in Guahibo language) - will have interesting niche in the delta of Catatumbo. -undescribed Reptiles 7. Arakaka - Guiana wood turtle, scorpion mud turtle, galap (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) - sometimes found in Lake Maracaibo, we can give this name arakaka to Rhinoclemmys diademata (the endemic of Maracaibo) -undescribed (I'll describe) Fishes 8. Kariwiri - the Carib name off unknown fish from the Characidae family, this name we will give to scooling cardinal tetra. will be anadromous will lay eggs in fresh water undescribed 9. Apeina - (what means stream in carib language) archer fish-like ciclid (the ancestor will be Andinoacara pulcher very beautiful local fish with local name Acara, that mean stream) undescribed Invertebrates 10. Parare - mantid in Carib language. undescribed In the flowers of waterlily will be living female of local mantis the oviposit there and in the same time hunting on the bees that pollinating the flowers. The fish will be eating mantis before spawning and fish fry will eat mantis eggs. The mantis female will be very productive to oviposit as more eggs, then at list several eggs stay uneaten by fry. The ancestor of mantis will be Stagmatoptera septentrionalis or may be better Choeradodis rhombicollis (but it's live far from Maracaibo lake, but may be it will migrate to that region). But it will look like Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii or even more beautiful like a water lily petal. 11. Maba - in arawak language called Melipona favosa what is translated honey will pollinate Mureru undescribed (I will describe) 12. Mureru tano, or Knight beetle. - the biggest waterlilia Victoria Amazonica is pollinated by beetles Cyclocephala hardyi, will pollinate Mureru https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803590/ and will have exosceleton like an ant Acromyrmex echinatior - it has something like knight metal armor - biomineral exoskeleton with CaMg(CO3)2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19566-3 Plants 13. Ocumo - Xanthosoma sagittifolium - with edible leaves, stems and tubers. Huge thickets of this plant will grow around the entire lake and all local herbivores will come to eat it, especially barocavias and cabiai-pyinko. Ocumo is the name of this plant in Panare language, which belongs to the Carib family. - undescribed 14. Mureru - waterlily in Carib, descendant usual Nymphaea alba invasive from Europe but it can evolve to the form of Victoria amazonica. I think we will first should write this chapter. Because some of it's hero's periodically will appear in Maracaibo chapter. This species that will also periodically appear in Maracaibo chapter: Mammals: 1. Awaruwape - semiaquatic swimming in fresh and salt sea water jaguar-like descendent of ocelot - described - will be the main hero of the chapter 2. Cabiai-pyinko - peccary-like descendent of brazilian guinea pig - described Birds 3. Kotooro - will be descendant of Pionus menstruus eating crabs and shellfish in the mangroves (Kotooro - means parrot in wayuu language). - described 4. Katipirüin - descendent of Pyrocephalus obscurus (the name in wayuu language) - it will be catching flies, mosquitoes and different parasites on the bodies of barocavias and Cabiai-pyinko. - described Reptiles 7. Arakaka - Guiana wood turtle, scorpion mud turtle, galap (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) - sometimes found in Lake Maracaibo, we can give this name arakaka to Rhinoclemmys diademata (the endemic of Maracaibo) -undescribed (I'll describe) Fishes 8. Kariwiri - the Carib name off unknown fish from the Characidae family, this name we will give to scooling cardinal tetra. will be anadromous will lay eggs in fresh water undescribed Plants 13. Ocumo - Xanthosoma sagittifolium - with edible leaves, stems and tubers. Huge thickets of this plant will grow around the entire lake and all local herbivores will come to eat it, especially barocavias and cabiai-pyinko. Ocumo is the name of this plant in Panare language, which belongs to the Carib family. - undescribed
wovoka: Also may describe for Catatumbo delta snail Pomacea canaliculata which will eat the leaves of waterlily and oviposite in it's leaves. The Kotooro will eats the snail, the fry of Apeina will eat it's eggs. But I can't choose the name of a snail. I like two names in carib language of unknown snails: Kùweroro and Kiwisukiri. Which name do you prefer? May be mari-sapelko snails eating fish (mari - snail) could be euryhaline species and will specially swim in the Catatumbo delta to catch a large snail swimming in the water towards the waterlily.
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: Yes, but what new characterictics it will have? Do you have sugestions? Gruiformes are usually conservative, but I thought that the sungrebe could have developed some relationship with the water lilies. wovoka ïèøåò: Very good description, but what is their adaptation to salt water? And does salt water interfere with the development of offspring? These points should be taken into account in the description. And it is advisable to remember in the description about the Yapok, that such a water opposum has already been in history, but it wasn't live in salt water. Also it's better to write, that maracaibian opposum Didelphis marsupialis first learned to swim in fresh water, but when the lake became a sea gulf, it was forced to adapt to live in salt water. And then already describe the emergence of new adaptations to this very salty water. Ok! I'll think about these details and add them in the description. wovoka ïèøåò: But I can't choose the name of a snail. I like two names in carib language of unknown snails: Kùweroro and Kiwisukiri. Which name do you prefer? I like Kiwisukiri more. wovoka ïèøåò: Also may describe for Catatumbo delta snail Pomacea canaliculata which will eat the leaves of waterlily and oviposite in it's leaves. The Kotooro will eats the snail, the fry of Apeina will eat it's eggs. I like this idea!
wovoka: but I thought that the sungrebe could have developed some relationship with the water lilies. May be sungrebe will eat the seeds of waterlily, and distribute them with droppings. It will be necessary to come up with some new properties for the water lily seeds, they will have some kind of tasty shell that is digested in the stomach of the sungrebe, and the seeds themselves will ripen under the influence of enzymes in its stomach. Those. without the sungrebe, the water lily will not be able to spread. The sungrebe itself, depending on the tasty seeds of the water lily, will protect the plant from overgrowth by other aquatic plants and algae, eating them so that they do not clog waterlilly, this way the bird will clear the living space for the water lily, and will also eat herbivorous fishes that want to eat up under water at the bottom thick creeping rhizomes of waterlilies, rich in starch. These fishes will be Itupu-sapelko - herbivores fishs, they also will be euryhaline, like Mari-sapelko - snails eating fish. The second name of the bird will be sungrebe-gardener, for the fact that he monitors the harvest of water lily seeds. JOrnitho ïèøåò: I like Kiwisukiri more. So do I! So I think the chapter about Catatumbo delta will be about the thickets of waterlily Murenu. Cabiai-pyinko will like to eat it's leaves and leaves of Ocumo; Katipirüin - will it parasites of Cabiai-pyinko; Awaruwape will hunt the Cabiai-pyinko, hiding in the thickets of Ocumo; Arakaka eats leaves of Ocumo; Maba and Mureru tano will pollinate the Murenu; Parare will hunt Maba and oviposite in leaves of Murenu; Apeina will eat Parare and spawn on the lives of Murenu, i's fry eats eggs of Parare; Kiwisukiri will eats laeves of Murenu; Kotooro, Arakaka and Mari-sapelko will eat Kiwisukiri; Itupu-sapelko eats under water at the bottom thick creeping rhizomes of Murenu, rich in starch, Cyculi eats seeds of Murenu and distribute them with droppings and eats Itupu-sapelko. We must think about the new characteristics of Amapejàu. May be she will eat frogs, for example Pipa parva (pipa it's caribbean name, we will add to her name other caribbean word Poporu, what means just frog, so it's name will be Pipa poporu or may be just Poporu). Poporu will also try to oviposite on leaves of Murenu before eating caviar of Apeina, Amapejàu will hunt the Poporu just in time when it's spawning. Cyculi and Amapejàu will not be aggressive to each other. Poporu also will be the food for Kotooro and Arakaka. I think that Cyculi will have some relations with Kotooro. When a lot of Kiwisukiri get to the leaves of Murenu then Cyculi gives a special signal that calls a Kotooro to eat the snails.
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: May be sungrebe will eat the seeds of waterlily, and distribute them with droppings. It will be necessary to come up with some new properties for the water lily seeds, they will have some kind of tasty shell that is digested in the stomach of the sungrebe, and the seeds themselves will ripen under the influence of enzymes in its stomach. Those. without the sungrebe, the water lily will not be able to spread. The sungrebe itself, depending on the tasty seeds of the water lily, will protect the plant from overgrowth by other aquatic plants and algae, eating them so that they do not clog waterlilly, this way the bird will clear the living space for the water lily, and will also eat herbivorous fishes that want to eat up under water at the bottom thick creeping rhizomes of waterlilies, rich in starch. These fishes will be Itupu-sapelko - herbivores fishs, they also will be euryhaline, like Mari-sapelko - snails eating fish. The second name of the bird will be sungrebe-gardener, for the fact that he monitors the harvest of water lily seeds. I think that it works. Sungrebes can eat seeds and fruits, with water lilies producing edible ones. Maybe this Neocene water lily will produce some attractive fruit for these birds. wovoka ïèøåò: We must think about the new characteristics of Amapejàu. May be she will eat frogs, for example Pipa parva (pipa it's caribbean name, we will add to her name other caribbean word Poporu, what means just frog, so it's name will be Pipa poporu or may be just Poporu). Poporu will also try to oviposite on leaves of Murenu before eating caviar of Apeina, Amapejàu will hunt the Poporu just in time when it's spawning. Cyculi and Amapejàu will not be aggressive to each other. Poporu also will be the food for Kotooro and Arakaka. The Amapejàu could also have some elaborated courtship and perhaps its facial skull have some different shape. wovoka ïèøåò: I think that Cyculi will have some relations with Kotooro. When a lot of Kiwisukiri get to the leaves of Murenu then Cyculi gives a special signal that calls a Kotooro to eat the snails. It could be similar to how honeyguides can lead humans to hives of bees. What do you think of a small species of semi-aquatic rodent visiting the water lilies during the night in search of seeds and fruits? Depending of its size, they could also be able to crack the armor of the Knight beetles.
wovoka: JOrnitho ïèøåò: I think that it works. Sungrebes can eat seeds and fruits, with water lilies producing edible ones. Maybe this Neocene water lily will produce some attractive fruit for these birds. I know the roots of waterlilis are edible and a lot of herbivoruos mammals eat them, I know birds are eating seeds, but I can't imagine the fruits of waterlily. What would they look like? JOrnitho ïèøåò: The Amapejàu could also have some elaborated courtship Ok! JOrnitho ïèøåò: and perhaps its facial skull have some different shape. What for? It will be related to some specific diet? JOrnitho ïèøåò: It could be similar to how honeyguides can lead humans to hives of bees. Something like that
JOrnitho: wovoka ïèøåò: What would they look like? They could be more colorful or have some sweet smell coming from them, perhaps even exudates a sweet substance to attract animals. What do you think of a small species of semi-aquatic rodent visiting the water lilies during the night in search of seeds and fruits? Depending of its size, they could also be able to crack the armor of the Knight beetles. wovoka ïèøåò: What for? It will be related to some specific diet? I think that it could be a case of sexual selection, with males having a different structure and also more colorful.
ëÿãóøêà: JOrnitho, wowoka It's interesting discussion! I like that! I dont'watched this thread several days, but it's still active! I think that it could be a case of sexual selection, with males having a different structure and also more colorful. I also think that this theory is better, because speciation led by sexual selection is very often and makes new species more beautiful and different in colour than "normal".
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